The contemporary approaches for preventing recurrent cystitis
DOI: 10.22591/magyurol.2024.1.magyara.51
Authors:
Magyar András dr., Tenke Péter dr.
Jahn Ferenc Dél-pesti Kórház és Rendelőintézet, Urológiai Osztály, Budapest (osztályvezető: Tenke Péter dr.)
Summary
Introduction: Recurrent cystitis, which is common among women, has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. Adequate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are crucial for the effective prevention of the disease.
Methods: In this article, we summarize the latest guidelines from the European Association of Urology on the prevention and treatment of recurrent cystitis, along with relevant literature.
Results and discussion: The diagnosis of recurrent cystitis is confirmed by urine culture. The prevention is based on avoiding risk factors and applying non-antibiotic measures. Immunoprophylaxis, particularly the use of OM-89 (Uro-Vaxom) containing the lysate of uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria, has proven effective in preventing episodes of recurrent cystitis. Additionally, several other non-antibiotic preventive methods are available, such as local hormone replacement therapy or the use of local probiotics, although the available evidence is often contradictory. Antibiotic prophylaxis is reliable, but due to side effects and the development of antimicrobial resistance, it is recommended only as a last resort.
Conclusions: Non-antibiotic methods are essential for the prevention of recurrent cystitis, however further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding of their effectiveness.