Prostate cancer 2024–2025: New directions in screening, diagnosis and treatment
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22591/magyurol.2025.2.fazekasf.39
Authors:
Fazekas Fruzsina dr.1, Biró Krisztina dr.2, Kuthi Levente dr.3,
Buzogány István dr.1, Beöthe Tamás dr.1
1Dél-pesti Centrumkórház, Budapesti Péterfy Sándor Utcai Kórház-Rendelőintézet, Urológiai Osztály,
Budapest (osztályvezető: Buzogány István dr.)
2Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Urogenitális Tumorok és Klinikai Farmakológiai Osztály „Kemoterápia C”,
Budapest (osztályvezető: Géczi Lajos dr.)
3Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Sebészeti és Molekuláris Pathológiai Osztály,
Budapest (osztályvezető Tóth Erika dr.)
Summary
This publication reviews the latest developments in prostate cancer screening, diagnostics, and treatment from 2024 to 2025. Digital rectal examination showed limited added value compared to PSA blood tests. Therefore the 2024 national screening campaign was based on PSA measurement. Avoiding overtreatment in localized cancer, especially in patients with limited life expectancy, remains crucial. In non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, darolutamide demonstrated superior efficacy and tolerability compared to other androgen receptor inhibitors. In high volume metastatic hormone-sensitive disease, the addition of metformin improved overall survival, metabolic outcomes were favourable. In metastatic castration-resistant cases improved progression-free survival was found with the addition of radium-223 to enzalutamide. Theranostic approaches using PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy emerged as a promising option in advanced disease based on the VISION and TheraP trials. Liquid biopsy with next-generation sequencing proved to be a reliable tool for identifying molecular targets, particularly when tissue-based testing was not feasible or conclusive.