Prehabilitation on a plate: the role of nutrition and nutritional status in the preoperative care
DOI: 10.22591/magyurol.2026.2.vargal.66
Authors:
Varga Linda dr.
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szent-Györgyi Albert Klinikai Központ, Onkoterápiás Klinika, Szeged
Summary
Renal cancer: Renal cancer has traditionally been considered radioresistant; however, modern high–dose-per-fraction techniques and combinations with systemic therapies have opened new therapeutic possibilities. Adjuvant radiotherapy is not routinely recommended. In localized disease, definitive radiotherapy may be considered in frail patients who are not suitable for other definitive treatments, while in metastatic disease radiotherapy has a well-established role in palliation and in improving local control.
Bladder cancer: In muscle-invasive or recurrent disease, when radical cystectomy is not feasible or not acceptable, organ-preserving trimodal therapy may be applied. Its oncological outcomes are comparable to those of radical surgery; it provides good quality of life, and its quality-adjusted cost-effectiveness is favorable.
Prostate cancer: Radiotherapy may play a role at all stages of the disease: as definitive treatment, in the setting of postoperative relapse (salvage radiotherapy), and in both oligometastatic and advanced disease. In localized prostate cancer, there is no difference in overall survival between radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy, although the side-effect profiles differ. In oligometastatic disease, local radiotherapy to the primary tumor and metastases may improve survival and delay the need for systemic therapy.
Testicular cancer: The indication for radiotherapy is limited exclusively to seminoma, and its use has markedly declined in clinical practice.